February 8, 2023

Putting your health first shouldn’t be hard. Skimm Well is here to break down the latest in health, and answer your burning wellness questions with science-backed insight from experts. Tell us what you need by submitting a question here.

Football's Health Risks and Why Americans Love It Anyway

Damar Hamlin’s accident recently highlighted the issue, but it’s always been true: Playing football comes with health risks. It consistently tops the lists of sports injury rates because it has “a little bit of everything,” said orthopedic surgeon and sports medicine specialist Dr. David Geier. “You don't just have knee and shoulder musculoskeletal injuries, but you also have concussions and long-term side effects of that.” 

Still, we watch. The athletic prowess, deep regional ties, comebacks, underdog stories, sibling rivalries, and the dramatic big catches and hits make for must-see TV. More than 80 of the top 100 broadcasts in the US were NFL games last year, including the Super Bowl, which pulled in nearly 100 million viewers.

Aren’t most sports dangerous?

Contact sports like ice hockey and lacrosse can lead to serious head injuries, and the soccer header is notoriously unsafe. But football is most connected to chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), the degenerative brain disease associated with former players’ depression, dementia, and suicide. All the tackling and blocking can lead to “sub-concussive blows,” Dr. Geier said. Those hits might seem mild, but they can cause serious brain damage over time.

Can we make football any safer?

So long as it’s *tackle* football, there’s a risk that "the brain will slam around inside the skull," Dr. Geier said. So it isn’t likely to ever be concussion-free. But the sport can be made safer by: 

• Taking players out of the game ASAP post-hit. You might’ve seen this happen in the NFC title game, thanks to the NFL’s inclusion of unaffiliated neurotrauma specialists. But when players stay in, they risk serious — even fatal — injury.

• Sharing data. Dr. Geier said that NFL data on all kinds of hits and injuries could inform environmental and equipment changes that could help protect players — like the rate of knee injuries on, say, field turf versus grass. And there are now smart helmets that can help teams analyze on-field hits.

• Lessening the impact of blows. Neither helmet-to-helmet hits nor roughing the passer are currently allowed. Plus, guardian caps have made an entrance at practices. More safety recs from Dr. Geier: invest in softer field surfaces, have more non-contact practices, and prohibit linemen — who are most susceptible to CTE — from using a three-point stance.

theSkimm

Football involves physical danger, which is one reason it makes for a dramatic watch. But as the health risks of playing become clearer, there will have to be continued investment in safety. The longevity of the sport — and its players — depends on it.

What can help prevent ovarian cancer…

Removing your fallopian tubes. Ovarian cancer experts have broadened guidance around who should consider surgery for the rare but deadly disease to include people who: 1) don’t plan to have children in the future and 2) are having gynecologic surgery for another reason (i.e. permanent birth control). The surgery was already recommended for those at high risk due to inherited genetic mutations (which you can test for), along with removing the ovaries. Something to consider if you’re already planning to have your tubes tied or have a family history of ovarian cancer.

What’s an unexpected risk of cracking your neck… 

Stroke. This surprising twist was brought to light by a recent, since deleted viral tweet where a woman alleged that her sister experienced stroke symptoms after visiting the chiropractor. But the truth is that *any* sudden snap, crackle, or pop of the neck vertebrae can put an artery in the neck at risk of tearing open, potentially resulting in clots that block blood flow to the brain (aka a stroke). Either way, crack wisely. 

What actually has effective treatments...

Menopause.

Who's spotlighting Black pioneers in mental health for Black History Month… 

This clinical social worker.

Should I take a daily probiotic?

Registered dietitian Tamara Duker Freuman, author of the “Bloated Belly Whisperer,” says:

A doctor might recommend using probiotics to prevent intestinal infections or problems in three specific groups: people taking antibiotics, premature infants, and people who’ve had surgery to remove their colon. But there’s no clear evidence to suggest probiotics are beneficial to overall health or specific health outcomes for most other people.

This isn't to say that someone may not stumble upon a probiotic that makes them feel better. That's possible — I hear it all the time. But the problem is that making probiotic recommendations is like throwing spaghetti against the wall and seeing if something will stick. Speaking to a doctor or dietitian who focuses on GI issues can help.

This Q&A has been edited for length and clarity. You can read the full interview here. 

@AshleyGWinter

If you’ve found yourself wondering, ‘Can penises actually break?’ ‘How do I find the G-spot?’ or ‘Do women need testosterone?’ meet Dr. Ashley Winter. She’s a urologist and chief medical officer at the digital women’s sexual health clinic Odela and is happy to address these and other subjects people may shy away from. On Twitter, she combines her experiences as a new mom and expertise in private parts to create a messy, informative, and oftentimes hilarious journey for her followers. That’s the magic of a urologist.